UKRAINIANS
UKRAINIANS
one of the traditional ethnic groups inhabiting the territory of the modern Republic of Belarus.
National traits of Ukrainians:
• hard work;
• patriotism;
• love of will;
• emotionality;
• love for truth and freedom;
• tolerance towards other peoples, etc.
1.7% of Ukrainians live in the Republic of Belarus. The largest number of Ukrainians live in the south-west of the Brest region and in large cities.
THE NATIONAL COSTUME
Traditional clothes of Ukrainians have their own ethnicity, which developed on a common Slavic basis in the 16th-18th centuries. Common characteristic features are simplicity of forms, slender silhouette, richness of decoration, rich coloring (light, white, enriched with bright colors of woolen blocks, stockings, belts, wreaths, red necklaces and ribbons).
The basis of the Ukrainian women's costume is made up of a shirt - koshulya, a chemise. It is longer than the man's and consists of two parts - the lower part (pidtichka) is sewn from a coarser fabric. A distinctive feature of the Ukrainian women's shirt is the custom of embroidering the hem, the hem (sub-hem) of the shirt. he was visible from under his outer clothing. The shirt sleeves were also decorated. Women wear long skirts. The basis of men's clothing is a shirt sewn from hemp or linen and woolen or woolen pants. A shirt worn on the body often serves as outerwear. A distinctive feature of the Ukrainian men's shirt is a slit in the front (groove), decorated with embroidery. Ukrainian men wear a shirt, tucking the hem into their pants. Pants (Ukrainian trousers, gachi, spodni, wide trousers, koloshi, boots, trousers, dressing, dressmaker) were fixed on the body with a cord or belt. Ukrainian men's headdresses are very diverse in shape, material and name. In shape, these are cones, cylinders and semicircular caps. Headdresses were made of fur (sheepskin), wool, cloth. An obligatory part of any clothes for Ukrainians was a belt.
NATIONAL CUISINE
Ukrainian national cuisine developed quite late, mainly by the beginning - the middle of the 18th century, and finally - by the beginning of the 19th century. Until then, it could hardly be distinguished from its related Polish and Belarusian cuisines.
The originality of the national Ukrainian cuisine is expressed, firstly, in the predominant use of pork, bacon, beets, wheat flour, and secondly, in the peculiarities of the cooking technology - the combined heat treatment of a large number of dish components against the background of one main and defining one.
The favorite and most consumed product is lard, both as an independent dish, mainly fried, in the form of so-called cracklings, and in the form of a variety of spices and fatty bases of a wide variety of dishes. An abundance of flour products is characteristic of Ukrainian cuisine. National dishes are products made from simple yeast-free dough: dumplings, dumplings, shuliks, lemishki, grechaniki, cakes and more recent pastries - verguns and stavbits.
Along with flour products, vegetables play an important role. Of the vegetables, the first place is, of course, beets, which can be considered a national vegetable and which are consumed not only fresh, but also in pickled form. From spices and seasonings used mainly onions, garlic, dill, cumin, anise, mint, lovage, angelica, savory, red pepper, from imported spices - bay leaf, black pepper and cinnamon (for sweet dishes). Of the fruits and berries loved in Ukraine, soaked, fresh, dried and smoked-dried, cherries, plums, pears, currants, watermelons and, to a lesser extent, apples and raspberries can be considered national. Ukrainian cuisine is original, tasty and varied.
Капустняк
NATIONAL DANCE
Dances occupy one of the most important places in the folk art of Ukraine. Ukrainian folk dance has developed throughout the history of the people living on the territory of modern Ukraine and absorbed the results of the centuries-old formation of Ukrainian identity. It reflects the joy of creative work, the heroism of struggle and the greatness of victories, perky gaiety, gentle humor and other features inherent in the Ukrainian national character.
One of the most beloved and world famous Ukrainian dances is the hopak. Boys and girls participate in the dance, and the guys dance energetically, sharply, fervently, and the girls softly, affectionately and tenderly. In total, 7 people participate in the pop version of the dance - 5 boys and 2 girls. A folk costume is required. The girl is dressed in a wide skirt with a national ornament, ribbons are woven into her hair, a young man in wide trousers and a white shirt. It was the hopak that won the title of laureate and the gold medal at the VI World Festival of Youth and Students. Ukrainian folk dance Cossack is named after the Zaporozhye Cossacks. It is performed only in pairs, size 2/4, without complicated tricks. The participation of girls gives the dance tenderness, lyricism, softness. Improvisation, humorous elements are welcome.
Ukrainian folk dance Kolomyika is a traditional genre of folk (Carpathian) music. It originated in the city of Kolomyia, Ivano-Frankivsk region (Ukraine). Performed to the accompaniment of short songs of the same name. Songs are most often humorous, less often historical, everyday. They dance a kolomyyka in pairs or an even number of performers, standing in a circle.
NATIONAL TRADITIONS AND CUSTOMS
Ukraine is very rich in folk traditions and rituals, the brightness and brilliance of which is simply amazing. The locals have a rich culture of values that have been acquired over many generations.
People living in Ukraine believe in the existence of evil spirits, so there are a number of rituals here that are aimed at making items of protection. Amulets are intended for both military and household purposes. In order to make amulets, they take any items that are dear to a person.
According to Ukrainian belief, it is believed that parents who do not adhere to customs and traditions give birth to children who in the future will become ghouls.
In Ukraine, customs, traditions, ceremonies and rituals cover all human life, all spheres of human activity. Family life here is accompanied by a variety of rituals and ceremonies, and the wedding is a real drama, which includes dancing, acting, music, singing.
The customs of Ukraine cover the entire life of a person from birth to death (engagement, wedding, childbirth, visiting a newborn and a woman in childbirth, christening, burial), all areas of labor and agricultural activity (calling for spring, roasting, saving). Holidays such as New Year, Christmas, Easter, Maslenitsa take a special place in the life of Ukrainians. All national traditions of Ukraine are especially observed on these days.
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